Following the enactment of the Electricity Act in 2002, which unbundled the Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA), ZPC was designated as the sole entity responsible for power generation in Zimbabwe. Its mandate includes the development, ownership, operation, and maintenance of power generation infrastructure to meet the nation's electricity demands.
Zimbabwe's power generation is predominantly based on hydroelectric and coal-fired sources. ZPC operates the Kariba South Hydropower Station and five thermal stations, including the Hwange Power Station—the largest coal-fired facility in the country—and smaller stations located in Bulawayo, Harare, and Munyati.